A philosophical or mathematical system based on Euclid's geometric principles and methods, emphasizing logical deduction from basic axioms.
From Euclidean + '-ism' (system or theory), reflecting a framework of thought. The term emerged in the 19th century as mathematicians and philosophers discussed the foundations of geometry and logical systems.
Euclideanism represents one of humanity's greatest intellectual achievements—the idea that you can build an entire system of absolute truth from just five simple starting assumptions—yet the discovery that you could violate one of those assumptions and create equally valid geometries shattered the idea of mathematical certainty.
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