A Muslim judge or legal expert; an Islamic scholar who interprets religious law.
From Arabic 'ḥakīm,' meaning 'wise one' or 'sage,' from the root 'ḥ-k-m' (wisdom, judging). The word entered English through contact with Islamic societies and is also spelled 'hakim' or 'cadi,' depending on the region and transliteration system.
In Islamic history, a 'hackeem' was both judge and doctor-philosopher combined—the same word sometimes meant a skilled physician because wisdom about both law and medicine came from rigorous study of ancient texts!
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