Relating to or belonging to the period of Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909).
From the name Hamid, the Ottoman Sultan, with the English suffix -ian meaning 'of or relating to.' This is a historical-political adjective created to describe an era.
The Hamidian period is infamous in Ottoman history for both modernization efforts and severe political repression—the same ruler who industrialized the empire also conducted brutal crackdowns on dissent.
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