London is the capital city of the United Kingdom, located in southern England on the River Thames. It is a major center for government, business, culture, and history.
The name’s exact origin is uncertain, but it may come from an ancient Celtic name like “Londinion” or “Londinium,” used by the Romans. Over centuries, the spelling and pronunciation shifted into “London.”
London has been destroyed or reshaped multiple times—by fire, plague, war, and rapid growth—yet it keeps layering new buildings and stories on top of old ones. Under modern streets lie Roman walls, medieval lanes, and even rivers that were covered and built over.
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