Third person singular of mature; to develop fully or reach complete growth, or to become due for payment (as with investments).
From Latin 'maturus' meaning ripe or timely, related to 'mane' (early, good time). The financial sense developed from the idea of investments 'ripening' like fruit when they reach their full value.
It's fascinating that we use the same word for a teenager becoming an adult and a bond reaching its payout date - both involve reaching a predetermined point of readiness. The metaphor of ripening fruit underlies both meanings, suggesting maturity is a natural, inevitable process.
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