Made to feel ill or disgusted; caused someone to feel nausea or moral revulsion.
From Old English 'seoc' (sick), related to German 'siech' and Gothic 'siuks.' The '-en' suffix creates a verb meaning to make or become that quality, so 'sicken' means to make sick.
The word 'sickened' works for both physical disgust (like seeing something gross) and emotional disgust (like hearing about injustice)—our language treats the two as basically the same reaction because our bodies don't always distinguish between them.
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