Archaic second person singular possessive pronoun meaning 'your'; used before consonant sounds in older English.
From Old English 'thīn' (your), related to 'thou' (you). Part of the Germanic second person singular system that distinguished between informal singular (thou/thy) and formal/plural (you/your).
The loss of 'thy' and 'thou' from English represents one of our language's most dramatic social changes - we literally lost the ability to distinguish between intimate and formal address. This grammatical simplification came at the cost of nuanced social expression that other languages still preserve.
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