A royal court or hall; a palace (from Hindi/Urdu, used historically in Anglo-Indian contexts).
From Hindi 'rang' (also Urdu 'aurang'), originally from Persian 'arang' or 'orangi', meaning a court or royal assembly, entering English through colonial India where it was used to describe local rulers' courts.
Anglo-Indian words like 'aurang' are linguistic fossils from the Raj—English borrowed dozens of words describing Indian political structures, buildings, and customs, preserving memories of colonial contact even as those systems disappeared.
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