The political ideology, goals, and methods of the Carbonari, emphasizing nationalist independence, constitutional government, and liberation from foreign rule.
From Carbonari (the Italian secret society) plus -ism (suffix denoting ideology or practice). Emerged as a named movement in early 19th-century European political discourse.
Carbonarism inspired both Giuseppe Garibaldi and Camillo Cavour, the two leaders who would eventually unify Italy—showing how a single secret movement could reshape the political map of Europe within a generation.
Complete word intelligence in one call. Free tier — 50 lookups/day.