The quality or state of being full of color, bright, vivid, or interesting; the degree to which something is colorful or expressive.
Abstract noun formed from 'colorful' plus '-ness.' Standard English noun formation indicating a state or quality, developed in the 19th century.
Psychologists study colorfulness because our brains are wired to find color saturation attractive—paintings, clothing, and gardens with high colorfulness literally make us happier and more engaged, which is why Instagram filters that boost saturation are so popular even when they look fake.
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