The vertical erosion process by which streams and rivers deepen their channels by cutting downward into bedrock or sediment. Downcutting is the primary mechanism for valley formation and canyon creation.
Compound of 'down' + 'cutting,' literally describing the directional nature of the erosive process. This straightforward geological term emerged in the early 20th century as geomorphology developed more precise vocabulary for erosional processes.
Antelope Canyon in Arizona showcases extreme downcutting – flash floods carved these narrow slot canyons through sandstone, creating passages so narrow you can touch both walls! The smooth, sculpted walls show how downcutting doesn't just go straight down but creates sinuous, artistic patterns as water follows the path of least resistance through rock layers.
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