The process of conducting scientific tests or trials to discover, verify, or demonstrate something. Involves systematic investigation through controlled procedures and observation.
From Latin 'experimentum' (trial, test) from 'experiri' (to try, test). The suffix '-ation' indicates the process or action. Scientific experimentation as a formal method developed during the Renaissance.
Modern experimentation gave birth to the scientific revolution - before the 1600s, most 'knowledge' came from ancient texts rather than testing ideas! The concept of controlling variables and repeating tests transformed human understanding from guesswork to evidence-based knowledge.
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