A molecule that binds to a central metal atom or to a receptor protein, forming a coordination complex.
From Latin 'ligare' meaning 'to bind', adopted into scientific terminology in the 1950s as coordination chemistry developed. The term emphasizes the binding relationship in molecular interactions.
Ligands are molecular matchmakers, determining how proteins fold and function by binding to specific sites. They're crucial in drug design, where finding the right ligand can unlock new treatments.
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