Having characteristics traditionally associated with men, such as strength, courage, or boldness.
From Middle English, combining 'man' with the suffix '-ly'. Originally meant 'befitting a man' in medieval contexts, evolving to encompass idealized masculine virtues.
The concept of 'manliness' has shifted dramatically across cultures and eras - what Romans considered manly (emotional expression, close male friendships) would surprise many today. Interestingly, the word has sparked modern debates about toxic masculinity versus positive masculine traits.
Derives from 'man' with explicit gendered meaning since Old English. Reinforces equation of masculine traits (courage, strength, resilience) with virtue, marginalizing these qualities in other genders and prescribing rigid masculinity.
Use specific trait descriptions instead: 'brave', 'strong', 'direct', 'resilient'—available to all people regardless of gender.
["brave","courageous","strong","direct","resilient","steadfast"]
Women's historical courage and strength were systematically reframed as exceptions or unfeminine; restoring these as universal human capacities matters.
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