Flavorful substances made from dried parts of plants, like cinnamon or pepper, used to season food.
From Old French 'espice' and Latin 'species' meaning appearance or kind (because spices came in various forms). The word originally meant imported luxury goods before narrowing to just seasonings.
For centuries, spices were literally more valuable than gold—explorers crossed dangerous oceans and empires battled for control of spice trade routes, and this single word 'spices' helped reshape the entire world map.
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